2025 年 2 月 5 日

講座公告

2025年「Between Empire and Nation: Legitimacy, Unity, Identity, and Historical Narrative 天下與國家之間：正統、一統、認同和歷史敘述」美國哈佛大學歐立德Mark C. Elliott教授系列講座

第三屆客座講座教授

歐立德 Mark C. Elliott ｜美國哈佛大學教授

2021年，我們有幸邀請到王汎森院士成為第三屆羅家倫國際漢學講座主持人，並舉辦「如何成為『我』、如何成為「我們」─中國近世思潮及其政治意涵」系列講座，2025年邀請到羅家倫國際漢學講座第三屆客座講座教授歐立德 Mark C. Elliott教授演講，延續並開展王汎森院士之講題。

「Between Empire and Nation: Legitimacy, Unity, Identity, and Historical Narrative 天下與國家之間：正統、一統、認同和歷史敘述」系列演講綱要：

Why is it that Qing history matters so much in China today? To answer this question, these lectures explore the political and discursive relations between the last imperial state and the modern Chinese nation, proposing that the same questions of unity, legitimacy, and identity that emerged in the Qing period have returned with a new relevance in the 21^st century. They argue further that to fully grasp the historical significance of the Qing era for modern China, it is important to bear in mind not only the notion of “great unity” but also the long shadow of the “discourse on civilization and barbarity” (Hua-Yi zhi bian).

為何清史敘述在當今中國如此重要？為回答這個問題，這些講座將探討「大清帝國」政權與現代民族國家之間的政治和話語關係，說明清朝時期所出現的「正統」、「一統」、及「認同」等論述在二十一世紀以新的現實意義回歸。講座進一步指出，要充分理解清朝對現代中國的歷史意義，不僅要考慮「大一統」的理念，也要關注「華夷之辨」話語的長期影響。

(本系列講座無Youtube直播)

演講(一) 歷史敘事的權重：當代中國書寫大清帝國 The Weight of Historical Narrative: Writing about Qing Empire in Today’s China

The first lecture seeks to explain the political and intellectual significance of different narratives of Qing history in China today. Whereas for nearly a century the dominant opinion on the Qing was mostly negative, emphasizing Manchu bias, weakness, and corruption, in recent years, as China has grown in economic power, the image of the Qing has been revised in a positive direction; and with the emergence of a link between the “flourishing age” of the Qing and the prosperity of the current “New Era,” academic interpretations of Qing history have come to acquire unexpected importance. They have also led to renewed questioning of the very idea of “China.” In this sense, the definition of the modern Chinese nation is revealed as an ongoing process.

第一場講座旨在闡釋當今中國不同清代歷史敘事的政治和學術意義。一個世紀以來，對清朝的主導性觀點主要是負面的，強調滿洲統治者的成見，軟弱和腐敗。近年來，隨著中國自身經濟實力的增強，清朝的形象得到正面的修正。與此同時，因清朝的「盛世」與當前「新時代」之間被聯繫起來，學術界對清史的闡釋獲得了意想不到的重要性，也引發了對「中國」這一概念本身的重新質疑。在此意義上，對現代中國民族國家的定義被視為一個持續的過程。

演講(二) 清代論正統、一統、認同 Legitimacy, Unity, and Identity in the Qing

Much recent debate around the nature of the Qing state has focused on the interconnected questions of political legitimacy, imperial unity, and ethnic identity. The second lecture explores these issues, beginning with the problem of Sinification, where arguments about legitimacy and identity come together. Manchu tactics to persuade Han skeptics varied, but thinking on both sides was largely framed within the received discourses of “civilization and barbarity,” “Heaven’s mandate,” or “unifying the realm.” Whether modern scholars should take those arguments at face value, and whether this strategy should count as Sinification, are among the questions examined in this lecture.

近期對清朝國家性質的討論，很多集中在政治合法性、帝國統一以及民族身份認同等相互關聯的議題上。第二場講座從漢化問題入手，探討正統和認同問題的論點如何交織在一起。滿洲人用來說服漢人的策略各有不同，但雙方的思維往往在「華夷之辨」、「天命」或「天下一統」的既有話語體系中交織展開。現代學者是否應該照單接受這些論點，以及這一戰略本身是否應視為漢化的例子，是這次講座討論的問題。

演講(三) 滿洲人的近代身分認同與「中華民族」的演變 Modern Manchu Identity and the Evolution of the Chinese Nation

※此次演講與臺大余英時國際漢學研究中心合作舉辦。

To further explore the connections between Qing history and modern China, the third lecture continues to focus on themes of identity and unity, examining the fate of the Manchus after the fall of the Qing dynasty, when they went from being a pariah people in the Republic to a minority nationality in the PRC. Having played a crucial role in the political awakening of the Han nation, the Manchus were essential to sustaining the narrative that modern China’s “unified polyethnic state” transcends the hua-yi discourse. In leading to a re-emphasis of the ethnocultural unity of the Chinese nation, renewed reliance on historical narrative as a political resource in the 21st century creates new challenges for historians.

為進一步探討清代歷史與現代中國之間的聯繫，第三場講座繼續圍繞身份與一統的主題，特別聚焦於清朝覆亡之後，滿洲人從民國時期的棄民到共和國時期的少數民族的歷史命運。滿洲人在漢民族的政治覺醒中起到了關鍵作用，而為了维系後來出現的「統一多民族國家」超越了「華夷之辨」的限制這一敘述，滿族仍被看作是不可或缺的成分。到了二十一世紀，歷史敘述再次成為政治資源，似乎帶來新一輪對中華民族文化同一性的重視，這也對歷史學家提出了新的挑戰。

※報名可自由選擇政大或臺大報名系統，擇一即可。

工作坊拉鏈還是邊界？重考萬里長城的象徵意義

講師：歐立德 Mark C. Elliott ｜美國哈佛大學教授
主持人：林遠澤教授
與談人：賴惠敏教授、賴毓芝教授
時間：03/14(五) 14:00-16:00
地點：國立政治大學達賢圖書館七樓羅家倫講堂

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